Espiritualidade e qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde de mulheres com câncer de mama / Espiritualidad y calidad de vida relacionada con la salud de mujeres con cáncer de mama / Spirituality and health-related quality of life of women with breast cancer

Objetivos: avaliar a associação do enfrentamento religioso-espiritual com a qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde de mulheres com câncer de mama em tratamento oncológico. Método: pesquisa transversal, exploratória, quantitativa, descritiva e analítica, desenvolvida nos meses de março a outubro de 2020, em hospital oncológico. Foram utilizados três instrumentos de avaliação (Caracterização Sociodemográfica e Clínica, Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Breast plus Arm Morbidity e Escala Coping Religioso-Espiritual) e realizadas análises descritivas e estatísticas. Resultados: amostra composta de 39 mulheres, maioria adulta (79,5%), casada/união estável (48,7%), submetida à mastectomia junto com a linfadenectomia (53,8%), católica (53,8%), dentre as quais 94% acreditavam que espiritualidade/religiosidade ajudava no enfrentamento do câncer. Houve correlação positiva entre o domínio Bem-estar social/familiar de qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde com níveis de enfrentamento religioso-espiritual positivo e total. Conclusão: espiritualidade/religiosidade e qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde influenciaram positivamente à mulher durante tratamento oncológico, havendo maior utilização dessas estratégias.

Objetivos: avaliar a associação do enfrentamento religioso-espiritual com a qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde de mulheres com câncer de mama em tratamento oncológico. Método: pesquisa transversal, exploratória, quantitativa, descritiva e analítica, desenvolvida nos meses de março a outubro de 2020, em hospital oncológico. Foram utilizados três instrumentos de avaliação (Caracterização Sociodemográfica e Clínica, Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Breast plus Arm Morbidity e Escala Coping Religioso-Espiritual) e realizadas análises descritivas e estatísticas. Resultados: amostra composta de 39 mulheres, maioria adulta (79,5%), casada/união estável (48,7%), submetida à mastectomia junto com a linfadenectomia (53,8%), católica (53,8%), dentre as quais 94% acreditavam que espiritualidade/religiosidade ajudava no enfrentamento do câncer. Houve correlação positiva entre o domínio Bem-estar social/familiar de qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde com níveis de enfrentamento religioso-espiritual positivo e total. Conclusão: espiritualidade/religiosidade e qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde influenciaram positivamente à mulher durante tratamento oncológico, havendo maior utilização dessas estratégias.

Objective: to evaluate the association of religious-spiritual coping with the health-related quality of life of women with breast cancer undergoing cancer treatment. Method: cross-sectional, exploratory, quantitative, descriptive and analytical research, conducted from March to October 2020, in an oncological hospital. Three assessment instruments were used (Sociodemographic and Clinical Characterization, Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Breast plus Arm Morbidity and Religious-Spiritual Coping Scale), descriptive and statistical analyzes were performed. Results: sample size composed of 39 women, mostly adults (79.5%), married/stable union (48.7%), submitted to mastectomy along with lymphadenectomy (53.8%), Catholic (53.8%), among which 94% believed that spirituality/religiosity helped in coping with cancer. There was a positive correlation between the domain Social/family well-being and health-related quality of life with levels of positive and total religious-spiritual coping. Conclusion: Spirituality/religiosity and health-related quality of life positively influenced women during cancer treatment, with greater use of these strategies.

Excess weight in adolescents and associated factors: data from the ERICA study

Abstract Objective: To estimate the prevalence of excessive weight and to identify associations with socioeconomic, demographic, biological, and lifestyle factors in adolescents. Methods: It is a cross-sectional school-based study, with a stratified and complex sample. The evaluated individuals were adolescents (2404), aged 12-17 years old, participating in the Study of Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Adolescents (ERICA). Demographic, socioeconomic, biological, anthropometric, and lifestyle variables were assessed. Poisson regression was used to verify the association between excess weight and independent variables. Results: The prevalence of excessive weight was 26.3% in the study population, being 16.3% for overweight and 10% for obesity. In the multivariate analysis (hierarchical model), were associated with excessive weight: private education network, a higher number of televisions in the residence, eating habits related to the breakfast consumption, snacks purchase in the canteen, snacks in front to screens consumption and consumption of carbohydrates and lipids, in addition to age group (12-14 years) and sexual maturation (post-pubertal). Conclusions: The prevalence of excessive weight among the school adolescents studied is high, with a value higher than the national average and the results of previous studies with adolescents. Its distribution is associated with different factors, which are socioeconomic, demographic, biological, and related to lifestyle, reinforcing the complexity of this condition, which deserves a broad coping approach, involving not only individual efforts but social and public ones as well.

Excess weight in adolescents and associated factors: data from the ERICA study.

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence of excessive weight and to identify associations with socioeconomic, demographic, biological, and lifestyle factors in adolescents. METHODS: It is a cross-sectional school-based study, with a stratified and complex sample. The evaluated individuals were adolescents (2404), aged 12-17 years old, participating in the Study of Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Adolescents (ERICA). Demographic, socioeconomic, biological, anthropometric, and lifestyle variables were assessed. Poisson regression was used to verify the association between excess weight and independent variables. RESULTS: The prevalence of excessive weight was 26.3% in the study population, being 16.3% for overweight and 10% for obesity. In the multivariate analysis (hierarchical model), were associated with excessive weight: private education network, a higher number of televisions in the residence, eating habits related to the breakfast consumption, snacks purchase in the canteen, snacks in front to screens consumption and consumption of carbohydrates and lipids, in addition to age group (12-14 years) and sexual maturation (post-pubertal). CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of excessive weight among the school adolescents studied is high, with a value higher than the national average and the results of previous studies with adolescents. Its distribution is associated with different factors, which are socioeconomic, demographic, biological, and related to lifestyle, reinforcing the complexity of this condition, which deserves a broad coping approach, involving not only individual efforts but social and public ones as well.

OVERWEIGHT IN ADOLESCENTS: FOOD INSECURITY AND MULTIFACTORIALITY IN SEMIARID REGIONS OF PERNAMBUCO.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate context of overweight adolescents from the semiarid and rural areas of Pernambuco, considering the multifactorial nature of the determinants of being overweight, and the food and nutritional insecurity conditions of the region. METHODS: A population based cross-sectional study was conducted from September to October 2015. The nutritional status of adolescents was assessed by body mass index (BMI) and classified by the BMI/Age indicator, according to sex. To analyze the factors associated with being overweight, the variables were grouped into: socioeconomic, demographic, environmental, lifestyle, psychological, biological and food and nutritional security. Poisson regression was used to verify the association between being overweight and independent variables. RESULTS: The prevalence of excessive weight found was 20.1%, namely: 13.4% overweight and 6.7% obese. After adjusting for the confounding variables, the variables: occupancy situation (rented house), alcohol consumption, food security and light food insecurity, body perception (overweight and obese) and age range (10 to 14 years), were associated with being overweight. High food and nutritional insecurity was identified in 80.4% of the population. The moderate and severe forms were more frequent, and precarious social conditions were still prevalent in the region. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of being overweight was high, exceeding the expected for a population with better living conditions. The determinants of being overweight were: alcohol consumption, occupancy situation, self-perceived weight, age and food security/mild food insecurity.

Overweight in adolescents: food insecurity and multifactoriality in semiarid regions of pernambuco / Excesso de peso em adolescentes: insegurança alimentar e multifatorialidade no cenário do semiárido de pernambuco

ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate context of overweight adolescents from the semiarid and rural areas of Pernambuco, considering the multifactorial nature of the determinants of being overweight, and the food and nutritional insecurity conditions of the region. Methods: A population based cross-sectional study was conducted from September to October 2015. The nutritional status of adolescents was assessed by body mass index (BMI) and classified by the BMI/Age indicator, according to sex. To analyze the factors associated with being overweight, the variables were grouped into: socioeconomic, demographic, environmental, lifestyle, psychological, biological and food and nutritional security. Poisson regression was used to verify the association between being overweight and independent variables. Results: The prevalence of excessive weight found was 20.1%, namely: 13.4% overweight and 6.7% obese. After adjusting for the confounding variables, the variables: occupancy situation (rented house), alcohol consumption, food security and light food insecurity, body perception (overweight and obese) and age range (10 to 14 years), were associated with being overweight. High food and nutritional insecurity was identified in 80.4% of the population. The moderate and severe forms were more frequent, and precarious social conditions were still prevalent in the region. Conclusions: The prevalence of being overweight was high, exceeding the expected for a population with better living conditions. The determinants of being overweight were: alcohol consumption, occupancy situation, self-perceived weight, age and food security/mild food insecurity.

RESUMO Objetivo: Investigar o excesso de peso em adolescentes do Sertão e Agreste de Pernambuco, considerando a multifatoriedade dos determinantes do excesso de peso e as condições de insegurança alimentar e nutricional da região. Métodos: Estudo transversal, de base populacional, realizado no período de setembro a outubro de 2015. O estado nutricional dos adolescentes foi avaliado pelo índice de massa corpórea (IMC) e classificado pelo indicador IMC/idade, segundo o sexo. Para analisar os fatores associados ao excesso de peso, as variáveis foram agrupadas em: socioeconômicas, demográficas, ambientais, de estilo de vida, psicológicas, biológicas e segurança alimentar e nutricional. A regressão de Poisson foi utilizada para verificar a associação entre o excesso de peso e as variáveis independentes. Resultados: A prevalência de excesso de peso encontrada foi de 20,1%, sendo 13,4% de sobrepeso e 6,7% de obesidade. Após o ajuste para as variáveis de confusão, as variáveis regime de ocupação (casa cedida, alugada), consumo de álcool, segurança alimentar, insegurança alimentar leve, percepção corporal (sobrepeso e obesidade) e faixa etária (10 a 14 anos) mostraram-se associadas ao excesso de peso. Destaca-se a elevada insegurança alimentar e nutricional, em 80,4% da população, sendo as formas moderadas e graves as mais frequentes, como também as precárias condições sociais ainda prevalentes na região. Conclusões: A prevalência de excesso de peso foi elevada, superando o esperado para uma população com melhores condições de vida. Os determinantes do excesso de peso foram: consumo de álcool, regime de ocupação, autopercepção do peso, faixa etária e segurança alimentar/insegurança alimentar leve.

Sarcopenia in elderly hospitalized coronary patients / Sarcopenia en pacientes coronarios hospitalizados

ABSTRACT Sarcopenia is a syndrome characterized by the progressive and widespread loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength, with a risk of adverse outcomes such as disability, reduced quality of life and death. Objective: To investigate the prevalence of sarcopenia and its associated factors in cardiac patients. Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study in a public hospital in northeast Brazil, involving patients aged ≥60 years with coronary artery disease. Sarcopenia was determined by muscle mass (bioelectrical impedance analysis) and skeletal muscle mass index by a predictive equation, muscle strength (measured by grip strength) and physical performance (driving speed test). We tested relationships between sarcopenia and socioeconomic, demographic, clinical, nutritional and lifestyle variables. Results: We evaluated 148 patients, with an average age of 73.9±7.4years. We observed a prevalence of sarcopenia of 62.8%; of which 72% were classified as having severe sarcopenia. The variables associated with sarcopenia were male sex (p= 0.014), age >80 years (p= 0.005), and being malnourished according to BMI (p< 0.001), arm circumference (p= 0.006) and calf circumference (p= 0.045); the other variables were not statistically significant. Conclusion: The prevalence of sarcopenia in our sample was high. We found that sarcopenia related to sex, age, and nutritional status.

RESUMEN La sarcopenia se define como un síndrome caracterizado por una pérdida progresiva y generalizada de la masa muscular y la fuerza del esqueleto, con un riesgo de resultados adversos como la discapacidad, la reducción de la calidad de vida y de muerte. Objetivo: Investigar la prevalencia de sarcopenia y sus factores asociados en pacientes cardíacos Métodos: Se realizó un estudio transversal en el hospital público del noreste de Brasil, en el que participaron pacientes mayores de 60 años con enfermedad coronaria. La sarcopenia fue determinada por la masa muscular (análisis de impedancia bioeléctrica y ecuación predictiva para determinar el índice de masa muscular esquelético), la fuerza muscular (medida por la fuerza de agarre) y el rendimiento físico (prueba de velocidad de conducción). Entre la asociación de variables se consideraron aspectos socioeconómicos, demográficos, clínicos, nutricionales y de estilo de vida. Resultados: Fueron evaluados 148 pacientes, con una edad promedio de 73,9±7,4 años. Se observó una prevalencia de sarcopenia del 62,8%; incluyendo un 72% clasificado como severamente sarcopénico. Las variables asociadas a sarcopenia fueron sexo masculino (p= 0,014), edad > 80 años (p= 0,005) y desnutrida según IMC (p< 0,001), CB (p= 0,006) y CP (p= 0,045); las otras variables no fueron estadísticamente significativas. Conclusión: La prevalencia de sarcopenia fue mayor, se encontró en una asociación con el género, un aumento en la edad, y el estado nutricional desfavorable.

Cachexia in hospitalized patients with heart failure.

AIMS: to evaluate cachexia prevalence in hospitalized heart failure (HF) patients by comparing two methods for diagnosing cachexia and alterations in each component involved in its diagnosis. METHOD: a cross-sectional study, involving patients diagnosed with HF and admitted between April and August 2015 to a public hospital in the Brazilian Northeast. Cardiac cachexia was defined using the Cachexia Consensus criteria (Washington, DC), which defines cachexia as ≥ 5% unintentional weight loss in the previous 12 months or a body mass index (BMI) ≤ 20.0 kg/m², in combination with at least two of the following criteria: fatigue, anorexia, low hand grip strength, low muscle strength, and biological alterations (hemoglobin < 12 g/dl, albumin < 3.2 g/dl, and PCR ≥ 5 mg/dl), and for comparative purposes a diagnostic criterion which considers weight loss ≥ 6% in at least six months as a cachexia diagnosis. RESULTS: one hundred and fifty-six individuals were evaluated, with an average age of 59.1 (± 15.3). Cachexia prevalence was 37.2% and associated with a low BMI (p < 0.001), low muscle mass (p < 0.001), reduced ejection fraction (p = 0.005), hypoalbuminemia (p = 0.040), and anemia (p = 0.002). Among the diagnostic components, the greatest alterations were observed in relation to fatigue (88.2%), anorexia (72.1%) and weight loss (61.7%). CONCLUSIONS: the high prevalence of diagnosed cachexia indicates that this condition is common and is associated with poor nutritional state and clinical condition.

Cachexia in hospitalized patients with heart failure / Caquexia en pacientes con insuficiencia cardiaca hospitalizados

Aims: to evaluate cachexia prevalence in hospitalized heart failure (HF) patients by comparing two methods for diagnosing cachexia and alterations in each component involved in its diagnosis.Method: a cross-sectional study, involving patients diagnosed with HF and admitted between April and August 2015 to a public hospital in the Brazilian Northeast. Cardiac cachexia was defined using the Cachexia Consensus criteria (Washington, DC), which defines cachexia as ≥ 5% unintentional weight loss in the previous 12 months or a body mass index (BMI) ≤ 20.0 kg/m², in combination with at least two of the following criteria: fatigue, anorexia, low hand grip strength, low muscle strength, and biological alterations (hemoglobin < 12 g/dl, albumin < 3.2 g/dl, and PCR ≥ 5 mg/dl), and for comparative purposes a diagnostic criterion which considers weight loss ≥ 6% in at least six months as a cachexia diagnosis.Results: one hundred and fifty-six individuals were evaluated, with an average age of 59.1 (± 15.3). Cachexia prevalence was 37.2% and associated with a low BMI (p < 0.001), low muscle mass (p < 0.001), reduced ejection fraction (p = 0.005), hypoalbuminemia (p = 0.040), and anemia (p = 0.002). Among the diagnostic components, the greatest alterations were observed in relation to fatigue (88.2%), anorexia (72.1%) and weight loss (61.7%).Conclusions: the high prevalence of diagnosed cachexia indicates that this condition is common and is associated with poor nutritional state and clinical condition

Objetivos: evaluar la prevalencia de caquexia en pacientes con insuficiencia cardiaca (IC) hospitalizados comparando dos métodos de diagnóstico de la caquexia, así como analizar los factores asociados a la caquexia y las alteraciones de cada componente involucrado en su diagnóstico. Métodos: estudio transversal en pacientes con diagnóstico de IC hospitalizados durante el periodo de abril a agosto de 2015 en un hospital público en el noreste brasileño. La caquexia cardiaca se definió utilizando los criterios de consenso sobre la caquexia (Washington, DC), que definen la caquexia como una pérdida no intencionada de peso ≥ 5% en los últimos 12 meses o un índice de masa corporal (IMC) ≤ 20,0 kg/m², asociados a, al menos, dos de los siguientes criterios: fatiga, anorexia, baja fuerza de asimiento manual, baja masa muscular y cambios bioquímicos (hemoglobina < 12 g/dl, albúmina < 3,2 g/dl y PCR ≥ 5 mg/dl). Para fines comparativos se utilizó otro criterio que considera como diagnóstico de caquexia la presencia de pérdida de peso ≥ 6% en al menos seis meses. Resultados: fueron evaluados 156 individuos, con una media de edad de 59,1 (± 15,3) años. La prevalencia de caquexia fue del 37,2% y se mostró asociada a IMC bajo (p < 0,001), baja masa muscular (p < 0,001), fracción de eyección reducida (p = 0,005), hipoalbuminemia (p = 0,040) y anemia (p = 0,002). Entre los componentes diagnósticos, las mayores alteraciones fueron observadas en relación a la fatiga (88,2%), la anorexia (72,1%) y la pérdida de peso (61,7%). Conclusiones: la elevada prevalencia de caquexia diagnosticada indica que esta condición es común y está asociada con un estado nutricional y una condición clínica peores

Iron intake and its association with iron-deficiency anemia in agricultural workers' families from the Zona da Mata of Pernambuco, Brazil / Consumo de ferro e sua associação com a anemia ferropriva nas famílias de trabalhadores rurais da Zona da Mata de Pernambuco, Brasil

OBJECTIVE: To verify the association between dietary iron intake and the occurrence of iron-deficiency anemia in agricultural workers' families from the municipality of Gameleira in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil. METHODS: The study population consisted of 46 harvesters' families, consisting of 225 individuals. The food intake of each individual was recorded on three different days by directly weighing the foods consumed. Hemoglobin was determined by fingerstick (HemoCue). This research used the probability of adequacy method to assess iron intake and the paired t test for comparing groups. The Spearman Mann-Whitney test estimated associations between the dietary variables and anemia. RESULTS: The prevalence of anemia was high in all ages groups and highest (67.6%) in children aged <5 years with a mean hemoglobin of 10.37 g/dL (±1.30 g/dL). Children aged <5 years had low percentage of iron intake adequacy (53.1%). Most of them consumed diets with low iron bioavailability (47.5%). Associations between the occurrence of anemia and dietary variables were significant for total iron (heme and nonheme), its bioavailabilities, and general meat intake. CONCLUSION: Inadequate dietary iron intake and inadequate intake of factors that facilitate iron absorption can be considered decisive for the occurrence of iron-deficiency anemia. Food insecurity occurs between family members, with some members being favored over others with regard to the intake of good dietary iron sources. .

OBJETIVO: Verificar a associação entre o consumo de ferro dietético e a ocorrência da anemia ferropriva em famílias de trabalhadores rurais do município de Gameleira, Pernambuco. MÉTODOS: A população foi composta por 46 famílias de trabalhadores de cana-de-açúcar, totalizando 225 indivíduos. Para cada indivíduo, foram realizados três inquéritos alimentares pelo método de registro alimentar por pesagem direta dos alimentos e dosagem de hemoglobina por meio do equipamento Hemocue. Utilizou-se o método da adequação aparente para avaliar a ingestão de ferro, e o teste t pareado na comparação entre grupos de indivíduos. Para estimar associações entre variáveis dietéticas e anemia, foi utilizado o teste de Mann-Whitney. RESULTADOS: A prevalência de anemia foi elevada em todas as faixas etárias, sendo maior (67,6%) no grupo de crianças com menos de 5 anos de idade, com média de hemoglobina de 10,37 g/dL (±1,30 g/dL). Na análise da adequação aparente, as crianças menores de 5 anos apresentaram baixo percentual de adequação (53,1%). A maioria delas apresentou um percentual elevado de dieta com baixa biodisponibilidade de ferro (47,5%). As associações entre a ocorrência de anemia e as variáveis dietéticas mostraram-se estatisticamente significantes para ferro total (heme e não heme), suas biodisponibilidades e consumo de carnes em geral. CONCLUSÃO: A inadequação do consumo de ferro dietético e dos fatores facilitadores da sua absorção pode ser considerada determinante para a ocorrência da anemia ferropriva. As famílias vivenciam insegurança alimentar intrafamiliar, com discriminação do consumo de alimentos fontes de ferro entre seus membros. .